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Solar system design standards
1, should consider above all related issues:
(1) the amount about irradiation
Throughout the country irradiation quantity is different, the difference is very big, according to the strength of the amount of all different, irradiation is divided into five categories of area, the national weather center provide according to the China meteorological radiation material NianCe "(2001) middle-aged total radiation data, to kind of region of Tibet Lhasa, for example, 7320MJ/m2 for year-round radiation, and five types of area of chongqing year-round 3430MJ/m2, radiation difference for a times of great, visible difference.
(2) about collection hot area (see illustration)
According to GB/T 19141-2003 regulation, the daylighting of the single machine collector area (outline the aperture area) are defined as follows:
Daylighting area Ac = L x ((n - 1) S + D)
If ignored, there are those factors may result in collection hot area is insufficient, small malah cart, produce a water yield is used not quite, the use of auxiliary energy, cost increases and so on a series of consequences.
2, the solar energy boiler system collection hot area identified
According to GB/T 18713-2002 regulation, direct system collector daylighting by following formula: area
Type: AC - direct system collectors, ㎡ aperture area;
Average Qw - ㎏; water,
- storage bins water tend ℃ temperature, termination;
Cw - water pressure fixing 4.18 KJ/heat let, ㎏ · ℃); (
Ti - the initial temperature, water ℃;
JT - local in vernal equinox or autumnal equinox on average on heating collector was KJ / ㎡, irradiation quantity;
F -- solar assurance, the dimensionless; According to the system of solar irradiation using period quantity, the system economy and user demand factors determined after comprehensive consideration (no special circumstances, should take 1)
η CD - collector efficiency, the dimensionless full-time sets; According to experience value take usd ~ 0.55;
η L - piping and tank, heat loss dimensionless; According to experience value take 0.2 ~ 0.25;
For example Beijing (calculated:
(1) where the equinox on March choice heating ° collector average 50 last month 20.42 MJ/m2 irradiation quantity;
2 ℃ temperature water (from 35 ℃ temperature based 10 ℃); to 45
3 full-time η CD - collector value; thermal efficiency, surprisingly collection
(4) f -- solar assurance connects is 1;
5 η L - piping and tank, heat loss value 0.2;
6 average value Qw - water ㎏, 1,000;
According to the calculation on type
1) average ㎏ by water temperature, from basic 1000 ℃ to 45 ℃ temperature 10 ℃), 35 (temperature calculation, elected collector daylighting area:
A = 1000 x 4.18 x 35 x 1 20420 surprisingly voting voting 19.05 voting 0.8 = (m2)
Ii) by using 45 ℃ (per person a day 10 ℃ to 45 ℃) temperature calculation, wash bath hot water 50L voting collector daylighting area:
A = 50 x 4.18 x 35 x 1 20420 surprisingly voting voting 0.953 voting 0.8 = (m2)

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